Ua li cas wi - ri yees ua haujlwm?

Wi {- ri yees, feem ntau hu ua wi {} Lawv yog cov khoom sib txuas lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib txuas lus txuas ntxiv, ua kom cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo li smartphones, khoos phis tawm, thiab cov ntsiav tshuaj mus txuas rau Is Taws Nem yam tsis muaj lub zog ntawm lub cev. Tsab ntawv no rho tawm mus rau hauv cov ntsiab cai ua haujlwm ntawm wi-}} khiav ntawm cov neeg sib txuas lus.

1. Cov Cheebtsam theem pib ntawm wi - ri yees

Tus raug wi - fi ntauwd muaj ntau cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb:

{{0- kav hlau antennas: cov no yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev xa khoom thiab tau txais xov tooj cua nthwv dej. Wi {- ri yees siv ntau tus kav hlau txais xov los txhim kho kev tiv thaiv thiab teeb meem lub zog.
- transceivers: Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob qhia hauv xov tooj cua thiab lwm yam. Lawv yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev sib txuas lus ntawm pej thuam thiab cov neeg siv khoom siv.
-}}} {} Am schifiers: cov kev txhawb nqa lub zog ntawm lub xov tooj cua teeb tsa kom ntseeg tau tias nyob deb dua.
{- modems: modems hloov cov ntaub ntawv digital los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom siv hauv xov tooj cua thiab rov qab, tso cai rau cov ntaub ntawv yuav kis tau wirelessly.
{{0- Network interface phaib (nics)

2. Ua haujlwm ua haujlwm

2.1 Kev Tshaj Tawm Kos Npe

Wi {- khiav seaders ua haujlwm raws li IEE 802.11 tus qauv, uas txhais tau tias cov kev cai rau thaj chaw wireless hauv cheeb tsam tes haujlwm (whlans). Cov txheej txheem pib nrog cov ntaub ntawv xa tawm los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom siv, xws li lub xov tooj smartphone lossis laptop.

1. Cov ntaub ntawv hloov dua siab tshiab: Thaum tus neeg siv xa cov ntaub ntawv (piv txwv li, ib qho email lossis lub vev xaib ua ntej hloov mus rau hauv cov qauv digital los ntawm lub cuab yeej network interface (Nic).
2. Kev hloov kho: Cov ntaub ntawv digital tau muab kho rau hauv xov tooj cua zoo li quadrature nthuav dav (qab {1} Hloov cov key (PSK). Qhov kev tswj hwm cov txheej txheem encodes cov ntaub ntawv mus rau cov cab kuj.
3. Kev kis tau: Cov xov tooj cua Modulated tau kis los ntawm huab cua ntawm wi- fi ntauwd tus kav hlau txais xov. Cov xov tooj cua WAVES khiav haujlwm ntawm cov feem ntau zaus, feem ntau 2.4 GHz lossis 5 GHz.

2.2 Kev Pom Kev Nkag Mus

Ntawm qhov tau txais kawg, cov txheej txheem yog thim rov qab:

1. Cov teeb liab ntes: Cov kav hlau txais xov ntawm tus neeg siv khoom ntes tau cov xov tooj cua xov tooj cua.
2. Demodulation: Lub xov tooj cua nthwv cua yog dab neeg rov qab rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv digital.
3. Cov ntaub ntawv ua: cov ntaub ntawv digital yog ua tiav los ntawm cov khoom siv Nic thiab nthuav tawm rau tus neeg siv hauv ib hom ntawv siv tau siv (piv txwv li, lub vev xaib lossis email).

3. Network Infrastructure

Wi {- ri yees yog ib feem ntawm cov cuab yeej network loj dua uas suav nrog:

- Access Points (APs): These are the physical devices that provide Wi-Fi coverage. Lawv txuas nrog cov xaim hluav taws xob thiab sib txuas lus nrog cov neeg siv khoom siv.
- routers: routers ncaj cov ntaub ntawv tsheb ntawm wi -} fi network thiab Is Taws Nem. Lawv tswj hwm qhov khiav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pob ntawv kom ntseeg tau tias kev sib txuas lus zoo.
{{0-} Hloov chaw: Hloov pauv txuas ntau cov khoom siv hauv lub zos network, kev sib pauv cov ntaub ntawv hloov ntawm lawv.
-} backShaul Txuas: Cov no yog siab}}}}}}} pa zaub mov (ISP) thiab, thaum kawg ece} thiab, thaum kawg}

4. Kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev tswj hwm

Txhawm rau kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo, wi {{- ri yees ua haujlwm ntau cov tshuab kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm:

-} encryption: Cov ntaub ntawv kis ntawm cov pej xeem thiab cov neeg siv khoom siv tau siv cov kev cai li WPA2 lossis WPA3 los tiv thaiv kev nkag tsis tau kev tso cai.
{{0- Cov ntaub ntawv siv tau: Cov neeg siv khoom siv yuav tsum tau lees tias wi -} fi ntauwd ua ntej tau txais kev nkag mus rau lub network. Qhov no feem ntau ua tiav siv cov passwords lossis lwm hom ntawv pov thawj.
- Kev tswj hwm network: Network Cov Thawj Coj Siv cov software tshwj xeeb los saib xyuas thiab tswj hwm} i}} ri yees. Qhov no suav nrog cov haujlwm zoo li kev txhim kho teeb liab, tswj cov neeg siv kev nkag tau, thiab daws teeb meem.

5. Cov kev sib tw thiab cov kev daws teeb meem

Txawm tias lawv tau txais txiaj ntsig, wi {- ri yees nto ntsib ntau yam nyom:

{{0-} Kev cuam tshuam: Lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab ib puag ncig muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam nrog wi - fi cov cim, txo lawv txoj kev ua tau zoo. Txhawm rau txo qhov no, wi - ri yees siv cov txheej txheem zoo li cov zaus hopping thiab channel xaiv.
{{0- muaj kev txwv: wi {- fi lub cim muaj tsawg tsawg, feem ntau txog 100 meters. Txhawm rau txuas ntxiv kev pab them, ntau lub yees lossis rov qab siv dua.
- congestion: Hauv thaj chaw nrog cov neeg siv lub zog siab, muaj bandwidth tuaj yeem dhau los ua kev kub ceev, ua rau qeeb qeeb. Qhov no tuaj yeem daws los ntawm kev xa tawm ntau cov yees lossis siv cov thev naus laus zis zoo li cov nyom thiab Mimo (ntau cov lus qhia ntau yam tawm).